SWMS: what it is and when you need one
The document behind every high-risk construction job: what it is, what goes in it, what each state's law says, and how to get one written for your job.
A$39per job
However many high-risk activities it covers.
- However many high-risk activities it covers.
- 3 for A$99
- 10 for A$249
- Yearly A$129 for 120
- Monthly A$60 for 10
When you need one
What each state's law says
Victoria runs its own Occupational Health and Safety Regulations; the other states and territories run Work Health and Safety Regulations. Each line below is quoted from the regulation we read, with the provision linked.
A business carrying out high-risk construction work must make sure a SWMS for the work has been prepared before that work starts.
NSW s299(1)Qld s299(1)WA r299(1)SA r299(1)Tas r299(1)ACT s299(1)NT r299(1)read 21 Oct 2026
An employer or self-employed person must not perform high-risk construction work that risks anyone’s health or safety unless a SWMS is prepared before the work starts and the work follows it.
Vic r327(1)read 21 Oct 2026
High-risk construction work
The kinds of work that bring it in
Each state's regulation lists the work. In plain words, the list is:
- Someone could fall more than 2 metres
- Work on a telecommunication tower
- Demolition
- Work that disturbs, or may disturb, asbestos
- Structural alterations or repairs that need temporary support
- Work in or near a confined space
- A trench or shaft deeper than 1.5 metres
- Work in or near a tunnel
- Using explosives
- On or near pressurised gas mains or piping
- On or near chemical, fuel or refrigerant lines
- Work on or near live electrical installations or services
- An area that may have a contaminated or flammable atmosphere
- Tilt-up or precast concrete
- On or next to a road, railway or other traffic route in use
- Moving powered mobile plant in the work area
- An area with artificial extremes of heat or cold
- In or near water or liquid with a risk of drowning
- Diving work
Where the states' words differ
- Someone could fall more than 2 metres
- NSW, Vic, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT: “involves a risk of a person falling more than 2m” (s291(a))
- NT: “if it is not residential construction work – involves a risk of a person falling more than 2 m” (r291(1)(a))
- On a house job, someone could fall more than 3 metres
- NT: “if it is residential construction work – involves a risk of a person falling more than 3 m” (r291(1)(ab))
- Work that disturbs, or may disturb, asbestos
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “involves, or is likely to involve, the disturbance of asbestos” (s291(d))
- Vic: “involving the removal or likely disturbance of asbestos” (r322(d))
- Demolition
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “involves demolition of an element of a structure that is load-bearing or otherwise related to the physical integrity of the structure” (s291(c))
- Vic: “involving demolition” (r322(c))
- A trench or shaft deeper than 1.5 metres
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “a shaft or trench with an excavated depth greater than 1.5m” (s291(g)(i))
- Vic: “involving a trench or shaft if the excavated depth is more than 1·5 metres” (r322(g))
- Work in or near a confined space
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “is carried out in or near a confined space” (s291(f))
- Vic: “involving a confined space” (r322(f))
- On or next to a road, railway or other traffic route in use
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, NT: “is carried out on, in or adjacent to a road, railway, shipping lane or other traffic corridor that is in use by traffic other than pedestrians” (s291(n))
- Vic: “on or adjacent to roadways or railways used by road or rail traffic” (r322(o))
- ACT: “is carried out on, in or adjacent to a road, railway (including light rail), shipping lane or other traffic corridor that is in use by traffic other than pedestrians” (s291(1)(n))
- Structural alterations or repairs that need temporary support
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “involves structural alterations or repairs that require temporary support to prevent collapse” (s291(e))
- Vic: “involving structural alterations that require temporary support to prevent collapse” (r322(e))
- In or near water or liquid with a risk of drowning
- NSW, Qld, WA, SA, Tas, ACT, NT: “is carried out in or near water or other liquid that involves a risk of drowning” (s291(q))
- Vic: “in, over or adjacent to water or other liquids where there is a risk of drowning” (r322(r))
- Cutting, grinding or drilling silica material with a power tool
- ACT: “involves processing crystalline silica material using a power tool or another mechanical method” (s291(1)(s))
What goes in it
What a SWMS must contain
A SWMS must identify the high-risk construction work, the hazards and risks, the measures that control those risks, and how the controls will be put in place, monitored and reviewed.
NSW s299(2)Qld s299(2)WA r299(2)SA r299(2)Tas r299(2)ACT s299(2)NT r299(2)read 21 Oct 2026
Victoria: check the current rule with WorkSafe Victoria.
In practice, the document covers
- The job and the siteWho is doing the work, where, for which builder and when.
- The high-risk workThe categories this job involves, listed and ticked.
- The steps in orderThe work broken into the sequence it will actually happen in.
- The hazardsWhat could hurt someone at each step.
- The controlsWhat you will do about each hazard, in plain terms.
- Who does the controlsWho puts each control in place, and how it is monitored and reviewed.
- The emergency planFirst aid, assembly point and emergency contacts for that site.
- The sign-onThe workers read it and sign before they start.
Once it is written
Giving, reviewing and keeping it
Quoted from each state's regulation. A state without a line here has the regulator link instead.
A copy for the principal contractor
Review
Review and, if needed, revise the SWMS whenever the high-risk construction work changes, or when there is a sign the controls are not working, including after an incident.
Vic r328read 21 Oct 2026
Keeping it
Keep a copy of the SWMS for the duration of the high-risk construction work.
Vic r329read 21 Oct 2026
Draft, then check
AI writes the draft. You make it right.
OneClickSWMS drafts the document from your job details: the task, the site and the state. A draft is a starting point, not a finished SWMS.
You review it on site before work starts.
Describe the job. See the draft.
Preview from a reviewed example. You check it on site, then finalise.
Sources
Where this page's information comes from
- 1.Work Health and Safety Regulation 2025 (New South Wales) · Current version for 3 July 2026 to date (read in a browser 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 2.Occupational Health and Safety Regulations 2017 (Victoria) · Authorised Version No. 018, amendments as at 20 Oct 2026 · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 3.Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (Queensland) · Current as at 29 Mar 2026 (in force version served 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 4.Work Health and Safety (General) Regulations 2022 (Western Australia) · Compilation including SL 2026/94 (in force version served 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 5.Work Health and Safety Regulations 2012 (South Australia) · Version 1.7.2026 (read in a browser 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 6.Work Health and Safety Regulations 2022 (Tasmania) · Current version downloaded 21 Oct 2026 · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 7.Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (Australian Capital Territory) · Republication R47, effective 29 Nov 2025 (current on 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- 8.Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Regulations 2011 (Northern Territory) · As in force at 17 Jul 2026 (current on 21 Oct 2026) · accessed 21 Oct 2026
- Last reviewed
- 21 October 2026
- How
- Definition and parts checked against the Safe Work Australia model code of practice; every legal line prints from a logged row quoted from the regulation, with the version read.
- Next review
- January 2027, or sooner when a regulation changes
Questions
SWMS questions people ask
What does SWMS stand for?
Safe Work Method Statement. Some people say “swims”. It is the plan you write before high-risk construction work starts.
Who writes a SWMS?
Usually the business doing the high-risk work, which is often the subcontractor on the tools. On a bigger project the builder or principal contractor collects a copy for their site.
Who signs a SWMS?
The workers doing the job read it and sign before they start, and the person running the work checks it still matches the site on the day. Your builder may also ask for their own sign-on.
Does a SWMS expire?
There is no fixed expiry date. Review it whenever the job, the site or the method changes, and after an incident. A statement written for one site is not the document for the next. The review rules for your state are quoted above.
Is a SWMS the same as a JSA?
No. A JSA (job safety analysis) is a general risk tool for any task. A SWMS is the statement for high-risk construction work. If your builder asks for a SWMS, send a SWMS.
Can I just use a template?
Yes. A blank form filled in for your actual job, signed by your crew, is a real SWMS. What builders send back is the generic version: steps and controls that could belong to any site.
Can AI write my SWMS?
AI can draft it from your job details, and that saves the typing. The draft is a starting point: you check every step, hazard and control against the site and your crew before work starts, then finalise it.
